icmab
Now, a team of researchers from the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), the Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) has conducted a study, published in Nature Communications, which reveals that the epsilon phase of iron oxide (until now considered rare) can be found in the inner layers of the Earth.
In this work, the researchers have characterized the structural, electronic and magnetic behavior of epsilon-iron oxide nanoparticles under extreme pressure conditions. This treatment has led to the discovery of the new phase, epsilon prime, with magnetic properties unknown to date.
Figure: Representative image of the different measurements and calculations that have been made on the nanoparticles of the epsilon-Fe2O3 phase.
"From the geophysical point of view, this finding is very relevant. It opens the door to the fact that the epsilon phase can be found inside the Earth. On the other hand, a new iron oxide phase (under high pressure) that contains magnetic properties different from those that can be obtained at the moment has been discovered. And having a material with these properties would make it necessary to modify the geodynamic models we know", says Juan Ángel Sans, Ramón y Cajal researcher at the EXTREMAT group of the Institute of Design and Manufacture (IDF) of the Polytechnic University of Valencia.
"We were surprised that the epsilon phase was that stable at such high pressures, up to 27 GPa, and that above this pressure this new phase, whose magnetic properties we still do not know well, appeared" says Martí Gich, researcher at the ICMAB-CSIC. "This stability at high pressures indicates that the incorporation of high proportions of other elements in the epsilon phase should be possible, and to control its properties and benefits," he adds.
The results of the study developed by researchers from the UPV, the ICMAB and the ESRF allow to complete the vision of the behavior of iron oxide and indicate that the presence of this material in the interior of the Earth is possible.
The study was funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, the Generalitat of Catalonia, and the Severo Ochoa project of Scientific Excellence of the ICMAB-CSIC.
Reference: Sans, J. A. Monteseguro, V., Garbarino, G. Gich, M. Cerantola, V., Cuartero, V. Monte, M., Irifune, T., Muñoz, A., Popescu, C., Stability and nature of the volume collapse of ε-Fe2O3 under extreme conditions, Nature Communications, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06966-9
Cover Figure: Representation of how the number of oxygens that surround one of the irons with the pressure changes.
